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Abstract <p>Urea-L-malic acid crystals doped with zinc (II) (Zn:ULM) were grown through the process of gradual evaporation. From the X-ray diffraction (XRD) study it was found that the Zn:ULM structure relates to a monoclinic crystal symmetry. UV-visible analysis indicated that the Zn:ULM is incredibly transparent in the UV-visible range with a bandgap of 4.95 eV. According to Kurtz and Perry measurements, the Zn:ULM produced second harmonics 2.25 times that of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) value. Thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) methods were deployed to assess the thermal stability of Zn:ULM. The dielectric parameters of Zn:ULM were assessed within the 100 Hz to 5 MHz range. Jonscher’s theory was used to explain the mechanisms underlying electrical conductivity. We used impedance spectroscopy to gain more insight into the conductivity process. The findings show that the Zn:ULM crystals are appropriate for optoelectronic uses.</p>

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Investigation of the Optical, Thermal, Dielectric, Electrical, and Impedance Features of Zinc-Doped Urea-L-Malic Crystals

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月16日

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  • Helen Merina Albert,
  • SK. Fakruddin Babavali,
  • Bonu Akkayya,
  • D. Neelima Patnaik,
  • Maddikera Kalyan Chakravarthi,
  • V. Nagalakshmi,
  • N. R. Rajagopalan

摘要

Abstract

Urea-L-malic acid crystals doped with zinc (II) (Zn:ULM) were grown through the process of gradual evaporation. From the X-ray diffraction (XRD) study it was found that the Zn:ULM structure relates to a monoclinic crystal symmetry. UV-visible analysis indicated that the Zn:ULM is incredibly transparent in the UV-visible range with a bandgap of 4.95 eV. According to Kurtz and Perry measurements, the Zn:ULM produced second harmonics 2.25 times that of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) value. Thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) methods were deployed to assess the thermal stability of Zn:ULM. The dielectric parameters of Zn:ULM were assessed within the 100 Hz to 5 MHz range. Jonscher’s theory was used to explain the mechanisms underlying electrical conductivity. We used impedance spectroscopy to gain more insight into the conductivity process. The findings show that the Zn:ULM crystals are appropriate for optoelectronic uses.