Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Sulfate Single Crystals

In this study, copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO₄·5H₂O) single crystals, measuring up to 8 × 8 × 2 cm, were successfully grown using the hot plate technique. The synthesized crystals were characterized using several analytical methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and cyclic voltammetry (CV). XRD analysis confirmed that the crystals possess a triclinic structure. Optical property assessments revealed broad transparency in the visible spectrum, with a band gap (E_g) of 4.02 eV as determined by UV-visible spectroscopy. BET analysis showed a surface area of 1.015 cm²/g and a pore volume of 0.0025 cm³/g. Additionally, etching experiments were performed over varying durations to preserve the crystal structure and investigate surface behavior. These findings provide valuable insights into both the growth and properties of CuSO₄·5H₂O crystals, suggesting their potential applications in various scientific fields.