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Abstract <p>In this work, ZnO and Cd doped ZnO nanorods (NRs) were synthesized using a hydrazine-assisted sol–gel method, followed by two annealing at temperatures (300 and 500°C). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that the samples possess a hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the Cd doped ZnO nanoparticles are rod-shaped. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that Cd<sup>2+</sup> ions successfully substituted into the Zn lattice. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis showed intense UV-region luminescence at 500°C due to Zn and oxygen vacancies and defects. These results suggest that Cd doped ZnO NRs annealed at 500°C could be promising candidates for next generation UV detectors. Furthermore, the antibacterial tests demonstrated that Cd<sup>2+</sup> incorporation significantly enhanced that antibacterial effects of ZnO NRs, particularly against <i>S. aureus</i> (15 ± 0.85 mm) and <i>E.&#xa0;coil</i> (14 ± 0.71 mm) under light exposure. Thus, Cd-doped ZnO NRs offer great potential as an alternative antibacterial materials, especially in biomedical applications.</p>

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Sol–Gel Synthesis and Antibacterial Effects of a Nano-Enhanced Cd Doped ZnO Nanorod Conjugate

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月27日

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  • N. Sheen Kumar,
  • S. R. Gibin,
  • Kumar Govindhasamy,
  • A. Mariappan,
  • A. Muthuvel,
  • Rafa Almeer

摘要

Abstract

In this work, ZnO and Cd doped ZnO nanorods (NRs) were synthesized using a hydrazine-assisted sol–gel method, followed by two annealing at temperatures (300 and 500°C). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that the samples possess a hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the Cd doped ZnO nanoparticles are rod-shaped. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that Cd2+ ions successfully substituted into the Zn lattice. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis showed intense UV-region luminescence at 500°C due to Zn and oxygen vacancies and defects. These results suggest that Cd doped ZnO NRs annealed at 500°C could be promising candidates for next generation UV detectors. Furthermore, the antibacterial tests demonstrated that Cd2+ incorporation significantly enhanced that antibacterial effects of ZnO NRs, particularly against S. aureus (15 ± 0.85 mm) and E. coil (14 ± 0.71 mm) under light exposure. Thus, Cd-doped ZnO NRs offer great potential as an alternative antibacterial materials, especially in biomedical applications.