Production and Characterization of Zn_{1 – x}Fe_xS Thin Films by Ultrasonic Chemical Spray Deposition Technique

In this study, Zn_{1 – x}Fe_xS thin films were synthesized using the chemical spray pyrolysis technique at a substrate temperature of 450°C and with varying Fe concentrations. The spraying solution was prepared by combining distilled water with 0.05 M zinc chloride (ZnCl₂), 0.05 M iron chloride (FeCl₃⋅6H₂O), and 0.2 M thiourea ((NH₂)₂CS). The initial solution was atomized onto heated glass substrates using an ultrasonic nebulizer operating at a frequency of 1.63 MHz and dry air. The morphology of the films was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The crystal structures were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The optical properties of the films were analyzed using a UV spectrometer. The energy band gap of the films was defined using the absorption spectrum.