Abstract <p>This study uses the variational method to investigate the ground-state exciton binding energy and Bohr radius in InGaAsP/InP core-shell quantum dots, considering variations in core radius, shell radius, magnetic field strength, and material composition. The results reveal that the exciton binding energy and Bohr radius are highly sensitive to quantum confinement, magnetic fields, and material composition. Specifically, the exciton binding energy exhibits a non-monotonic dependence on the core and shell radii as the confinement potential evolves. The application of a magnetic field enhances the exciton binding energy by contracting the wave functions of electrons and holes, thereby strengthening Coulomb interactions. Additionally, variations in the Ga and As components significantly influence the exciton binding energy due to accompanying changes in the bandgap and effective masses. These findings provide valuable insights into the tunability of exciton properties in core-shell quantum dot, which is crucial for optimizing their performance in optoelectronic devices.</p>