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Abstract <p>Thin films of NiO : In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanocomposites were synthesized on glass substrates using the spray pyrolysis method for H<sub>2</sub>S gas detection. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to characterize the structural and morphological properties of the films after annealing at 400°C in air for two hours. XRD analysis revealed polycrystalline cubic NiO and In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> phases. FESEM images of the 2 : 1 NiO : In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite showed grass-like nanostructures with grain sizes ranging from 16.6 to 25.26 nm. UV-Vis spectroscopy indicated a bandgap energy between 2.58 and 3.58 eV, with absorbance edges at approximately 305, 325, 335, 370, and 438 nm. The gas-sensing performance was evaluated for H<sub>2</sub>S detection in dry synthetic air at various operating temperatures. The results showed a maximum sensitivity of 93% at 200°C for the 3 : 1 NiO : In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite. These findings suggest that NiO : In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanocomposites synthesized by spray pyrolysis are promising materials for H<sub>2</sub>S gas sensors, offering high sensitivity and potential for use in industrial and environmental monitoring applications.</p>

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Synthesis and Characterization of Indium Oxide and Nickel Oxide Nanocomposites by Spray Pyrolysis for H2S Gas Detection

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月18日

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  • Fuad T. Ibrahim,
  • Sundus M. A. Al-dujayli,
  • Ali Amir Qassim

摘要

Abstract

Thin films of NiO : In2O3 nanocomposites were synthesized on glass substrates using the spray pyrolysis method for H2S gas detection. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to characterize the structural and morphological properties of the films after annealing at 400°C in air for two hours. XRD analysis revealed polycrystalline cubic NiO and In2O3 phases. FESEM images of the 2 : 1 NiO : In2O3 composite showed grass-like nanostructures with grain sizes ranging from 16.6 to 25.26 nm. UV-Vis spectroscopy indicated a bandgap energy between 2.58 and 3.58 eV, with absorbance edges at approximately 305, 325, 335, 370, and 438 nm. The gas-sensing performance was evaluated for H2S detection in dry synthetic air at various operating temperatures. The results showed a maximum sensitivity of 93% at 200°C for the 3 : 1 NiO : In2O3 composite. These findings suggest that NiO : In2O3 nanocomposites synthesized by spray pyrolysis are promising materials for H2S gas sensors, offering high sensitivity and potential for use in industrial and environmental monitoring applications.