Abstract <p>A review of theoretical studies of dusty plasma in the atmospheres of planets of the solar system carried out at the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences is given. Special attention is paid to physical processes related to noctilucent clouds, polar mesospher<Emphasis Type="Strikethrough">e</Emphasis> summer echoes, dust-acoustic perturbations in the Earth’s atmosphere, clouds in the ionosphere of Mars, and Schumann resonances (SR). It is noted that intense studies of the plasma-dust processes in the atmospheres of planets can currently be carried out for the Earth and Mars. Studying the corresponding process in the atmospheres of other planets of the solar system requires additional knowledge on the objects that can be gained only in the course of future space missions.</p>