Abstract In this universe, the matter-antimatter asymmetry is one of the major mysteries. This baryonic asymmetry can not be fully described within the current frame of standard model rather than we need to go beyond standard model of physics (BSM) but the main problem of BSM is that it is restricted by many complicated boundaries. In search of BSM, we need to prove CPT violation in nature, though CP violation has been observed already but this violation anticipated by the standard model is very small to describe the magnitude of baryonic asymmetry and search for T-violation is still ongoing. Neutron Optics Parity and Time Reversal Experiment (NOPTREX) is one such experiment that is working on the larger search for proof of time reversal violation(TRV). This experiment specifically seeks to investigate time-reversal violation in neutron interactions with heavy nuclei under specific conditions of narrow neutron-nuclear resonances, particularly focusing on orbital angular momentum L = 1. The investigation involves examining potential phase shifts in the transmitted neutron wave function, specifically looking at a term represented by <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11496_2025_9118_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="110" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(S = {{\sigma }_{n}}({{k}_{n}} \times I)\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11496_2025_9118_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="20" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{\sigma }_{n}}\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation> denotes the neutron spin, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11496_2025_9118_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({{k}_{n}}\)</EquationSource>  </InlineEquation> signifies the neutron momentum, and I represents the nucleus spin.This paper delves into the historical evolution of research on Time Reversal Violation (TRV), offering insights into the core concept of time reversal symmetry and its significance in modern physics. This review work will provide an overview of the NOPTREX experiment’s setup, findings, and its exploration of TRV in neutral meson decays under conditions devoid of magnetic fields, meticulously examining the outcomes and past, present and future of the NOPTREX experiment.

A Review on NOPTREX Experiment: The Investigation of Time Reversal Violations and It’s Past, Present, and Future

期刊论文
发表日期：

2025年8月29日

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A. Adhikary,
P. K. Das

摘要

Abstract

In this universe, the matter-antimatter asymmetry is one of the major mysteries. This baryonic asymmetry can not be fully described within the current frame of standard model rather than we need to go beyond standard model of physics (BSM) but the main problem of BSM is that it is restricted by many complicated boundaries. In search of BSM, we need to prove CPT violation in nature, though CP violation has been observed already but this violation anticipated by the standard model is very small to describe the magnitude of baryonic asymmetry and search for T-violation is still ongoing. Neutron Optics Parity and Time Reversal Experiment (NOPTREX) is one such experiment that is working on the larger search for proof of time reversal violation(TRV). This experiment specifically seeks to investigate time-reversal violation in neutron interactions with heavy nuclei under specific conditions of narrow neutron-nuclear resonances, particularly focusing on orbital angular momentum L = 1. The investigation involves examining potential phase shifts in the transmitted neutron wave function, specifically looking at a term represented by \(S = {{\sigma }_{n}}({{k}_{n}} \times I)\) , where \({{\sigma }_{n}}\) denotes the neutron spin, \({{k}_{n}}\) signifies the neutron momentum, and I represents the nucleus spin.This paper delves into the historical evolution of research on Time Reversal Violation (TRV), offering insights into the core concept of time reversal symmetry and its significance in modern physics. This review work will provide an overview of the NOPTREX experiment’s setup, findings, and its exploration of TRV in neutral meson decays under conditions devoid of magnetic fields, meticulously examining the outcomes and past, present and future of the NOPTREX experiment.