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Abstract <p>It is shown that the standard formula for the pressure of a gas of free massless fermions leads to negative probabilities when the fermion number of the system being equal to <i>n</i> if <i>n</i> is large. The ways of resolving this paradox are proposed. A detailed analysis of the corresponding partition function reveals the existence of the Roberge–Weiss transition in the absence of strong interactions.</p>

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Quark Gas at High Temperature: Finite-Volume Effects

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月1日

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  • R. N. Rogalyov,
  • N. V. Gerasimeniuk,
  • A. A. Korneev

摘要

Abstract

It is shown that the standard formula for the pressure of a gas of free massless fermions leads to negative probabilities when the fermion number of the system being equal to n if n is large. The ways of resolving this paradox are proposed. A detailed analysis of the corresponding partition function reveals the existence of the Roberge–Weiss transition in the absence of strong interactions.