The Active Role of Gluons in Processes of Multiple Production

Multiparticle production processes continue to attract attention because no one generator can describe data at different energies. Quantum chromodynamics calculates these processes in terms of quarks and gluons. The transition to observable hadrons is extremely difficult, since the perturbative QCD theory is not applicable to this region. The work presents a gluon dominance model, in which the hadronization stage is described phenomenologically. Within the framework of the model (“Thermalization” project), based on data of pp interactions in the range of high multiplicity, the active role of a gluon component in the production of secondary particles is confirmed. The ratio between the quark emission of a gluon to the gluon fission is estimated. A number of collective phenomena are observed in this region: the production of a pion (Bose–Einstein) condensate, signals that we interpret as the Cherenkov radiation of gluons, the disappearance of leading particles. The study of the gluon structure of the proton and the search for collective phenomena in \(pp\) collisions can be carried out at the SPD facility of the future NICA collider (JINR, Dubna).