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Abstract <p>A nonequilibrium hydrodynamic approach to the description of heavy-ion collisions is formulated and the calculated differential cross sections for fragment emission are compared with experimental data of the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP, Moscow). In this approach, a description of the experimental data on double-differential cross sections for the emission of <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11450_2025_3657_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({}^{11}\)</EquationSource> <!--NuclPhys2560108Dyachenko-m1--> </InlineEquation>Be and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11450_2025_3657_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({}^{12}\)</EquationSource> <!--NuclPhys2560108Dyachenko-m2--> </InlineEquation>B nuclei at an angle of <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11450_2025_3657_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="30" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(3.5^{\circ}\)</EquationSource> <!--NuclPhys2560108Dyachenko-m3--> </InlineEquation> in the reaction (300 MeV/nucleon) <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11450_2025_3657_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="145" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({}^{12}\textrm{C}+{}^{9}\textrm{Be}\to f+X\)</EquationSource> <!--NuclPhys2560108Dyachenko-m4--> </InlineEquation>(ITEP) is obtained. A comparison with other models is made and the dynamics of the fragmentation process are analyzed. Hubble’s law and particle polarization in high-energy heavy-ion collisions are analyzed in the framework of the hydrodynamic approach.</p>

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On Fragment Emission, Hubble’s Law and Particle Polarization in the Hydrodynamic Approach to Describing High-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月1日

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  • A. T. D’yachenko

摘要

Abstract

A nonequilibrium hydrodynamic approach to the description of heavy-ion collisions is formulated and the calculated differential cross sections for fragment emission are compared with experimental data of the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP, Moscow). In this approach, a description of the experimental data on double-differential cross sections for the emission of \({}^{11}\) Be and \({}^{12}\) B nuclei at an angle of \(3.5^{\circ}\) in the reaction (300 MeV/nucleon) \({}^{12}\textrm{C}+{}^{9}\textrm{Be}\to f+X\) (ITEP) is obtained. A comparison with other models is made and the dynamics of the fragmentation process are analyzed. Hubble’s law and particle polarization in high-energy heavy-ion collisions are analyzed in the framework of the hydrodynamic approach.