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Abstract <p>We report the peculiarities of the electro-optic beam steering device development utilizing [001]‑cut Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>–PbTiO<sub>3</sub> (PMN–PT) crystals possessing tetragonal symmetry. Using surface fixation, we successfully fabricated the five-layer optical phased array (OPA) featuring a stable cascaded pattern of 180° domains with a low concentration of ferroelectric-ferroelastic domains. The electro-optic coefficient γ<sub>33</sub> of PMN–PT was estimated to be 134 pm/V and the quality of the cascaded domain structure was acceptable for achieving a steering ability of 0.32°/V/μm. Further optimization of domain engineering for PMN–PT crystals can significantly enhance device performance.</p>

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Cascaded Optical Phased Array for Beam Steering Created by Domain Engineering in PMN–PT Single Crystal

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月28日

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  • A. D. Ushakov,
  • J. Li,
  • M. A. Chuvakova,
  • I. A. Kipenko,
  • H. Zheng,
  • X. Liu,
  • Z. Xu,
  • X. Wei,
  • V. Ya. Shur

摘要

Abstract

We report the peculiarities of the electro-optic beam steering device development utilizing [001]‑cut Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 (PMN–PT) crystals possessing tetragonal symmetry. Using surface fixation, we successfully fabricated the five-layer optical phased array (OPA) featuring a stable cascaded pattern of 180° domains with a low concentration of ferroelectric-ferroelastic domains. The electro-optic coefficient γ33 of PMN–PT was estimated to be 134 pm/V and the quality of the cascaded domain structure was acceptable for achieving a steering ability of 0.32°/V/μm. Further optimization of domain engineering for PMN–PT crystals can significantly enhance device performance.