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Abstract <p>In argon arc discharges at atmospheric and higher pressures, the distributed (diffuse) arc attachment to the copper flat face anode is determined by the thermal load conditions at the anode and is kept for currents up to 250 A, with further arc contraction into a spot and rapid destruction of the anode when this value is exceeded. To maintain diffuse attachment at high arc currents it is necessary to reduce the thermal load on the anode for instance by profiling its surface. The paper comprises the results of numerical modeling of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) processes in the channel of a high-current plasma torch with transferred arc under conditions of diffuse attachment of the arc column to the face anode in the approximation of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). The calculation of the heat balance at the anode is based on the numerical calculation of the electric current density and convective heat transfer to the anode surface within the framework of LTE in combination with the analytical consideration of the heat carried by the electron current from the near-anode region to the anode and the heat released during their “condensation” in the crystal lattice of the anode.</p>

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Numerical Study of the Effect of Varying Anode Surface Profile on MHD Flow Features in the Anode Unit of the Melting Plasma Torch with Transferred Argon Arc

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月1日

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  • S. P. Vashchenko,
  • E. V. Kartaev,
  • S. M. Aul’chenko,
  • V. V. Belyaev,
  • O. B. Kovalev

摘要

Abstract

In argon arc discharges at atmospheric and higher pressures, the distributed (diffuse) arc attachment to the copper flat face anode is determined by the thermal load conditions at the anode and is kept for currents up to 250 A, with further arc contraction into a spot and rapid destruction of the anode when this value is exceeded. To maintain diffuse attachment at high arc currents it is necessary to reduce the thermal load on the anode for instance by profiling its surface. The paper comprises the results of numerical modeling of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) processes in the channel of a high-current plasma torch with transferred arc under conditions of diffuse attachment of the arc column to the face anode in the approximation of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). The calculation of the heat balance at the anode is based on the numerical calculation of the electric current density and convective heat transfer to the anode surface within the framework of LTE in combination with the analytical consideration of the heat carried by the electron current from the near-anode region to the anode and the heat released during their “condensation” in the crystal lattice of the anode.