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Abstract <p>The two most powerful extensive air showers (EAS) with energies of about 10<sup>20</sup> eV, registered at the Yakutsk EAS array during the entire observation period of 1974–2024, are considered. Both showers hit the array near the center and triggered all surface detectors and underground muon detectors with a threshold energy of <i>E</i><sub>μ</sub> = 1.0  × cos θ GeV. These events have an abnormally high fraction of muons, which is beyond current model predictions. This may change our understanding of hadron interactions at ultra-high energy, but there is also a possibility that these showers were initiated by some exotic primary particles.</p>

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Giant Atmospheric Showers Detected by the Yakutsk Extensive Air Showers Array

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月1日

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  • A. V. Glushkov,
  • K. G. Lebedev,
  • L. T. Ksenofontov,
  • A. V. Saburov,
  • O. N. Ivanov,
  • A. F. Boyakinov,
  • A. A. Ivanov,
  • S. P. Knurenko,
  • A. D. Krasilnikov,
  • S. V. Matarkin,
  • V. P. Mokhnachevskaya,
  • N. Ya. Muksunov,
  • I. S. Petrov,
  • I. E. Sleptsov

摘要

Abstract

The two most powerful extensive air showers (EAS) with energies of about 1020 eV, registered at the Yakutsk EAS array during the entire observation period of 1974–2024, are considered. Both showers hit the array near the center and triggered all surface detectors and underground muon detectors with a threshold energy of Eμ = 1.0  × cos θ GeV. These events have an abnormally high fraction of muons, which is beyond current model predictions. This may change our understanding of hadron interactions at ultra-high energy, but there is also a possibility that these showers were initiated by some exotic primary particles.