Abstract <p>The article presents a theoretical substantiation of a dynamic adaptation process to adjust drilling and blasting patterns to structurally complex deposits and open pit mining using the integration of zoning theory and blast impulse theory. The key stages of approaches to drilling and blasting pattern designing are discussed. Emphasis is laid on the theory of rock fracture zoning with description of the zones of deformation, fracturing and seismic effect depending on the blast impulse. The calculation formulas are proposed to determine the blast impulse, radii of fracture zones and energy balance to ensure efficient rock fragmentation and minimization of adverse effects. It is critical to introduce artificial intelligence systems capable to analyze geological data in real time. The principles of creation of the intelligence control systems for drilling and blasting adaptable to varying geological conditions are developed. This can enhance safety and efficiency of drilling and blasting at mines operating at structurally complex deposits in Russia.</p>