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Abstract <p>This study is focused on the response of cotyledons to various temperature regimes during stratification of the seeds of <i>Aconitum soongaricum</i> Stapf (Ranunculaceae). The seed dormancy in <i>A. soongaricum</i> is characterized as a complex morphophysiological type, attributed to an underdeveloped embryo and a specific physiological mechanism that inhibits germination. Low temperatures are considered optimal for breaking dormancy of this type. During prolonged stratification at 9–10°C, the embryo within the seed exhibited growth without germination. Notably, the cotyledons displayed dramatic anomalies in their structure that have not been previously noted: hypertrophied development and differentiation, progressive lysis of cell contents, ruptures of the epidermal surfaces leading to the formation of internal cavities, and the penetration of endosperm tissues into these cavities. These developmental anomalies in the cotyledons could not be resolved even with exposure to gibberellic acid at the same temperature, although the hormone did promote germination in a part of the seeds. A hypothesis may be suggested that the endosperm can replenish depleted nutrient resources from the cotyledons to facilitate potential seed germination under favorable conditions.</p>

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Dramatic Reaction of Cotyledons on Suboptimal Temperature Conditions in Aconitum soongaricum (Ranunculaceae) Seeds with Underdeveloped Embryo

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • O. G. Butuzova

摘要

Abstract

This study is focused on the response of cotyledons to various temperature regimes during stratification of the seeds of Aconitum soongaricum Stapf (Ranunculaceae). The seed dormancy in A. soongaricum is characterized as a complex morphophysiological type, attributed to an underdeveloped embryo and a specific physiological mechanism that inhibits germination. Low temperatures are considered optimal for breaking dormancy of this type. During prolonged stratification at 9–10°C, the embryo within the seed exhibited growth without germination. Notably, the cotyledons displayed dramatic anomalies in their structure that have not been previously noted: hypertrophied development and differentiation, progressive lysis of cell contents, ruptures of the epidermal surfaces leading to the formation of internal cavities, and the penetration of endosperm tissues into these cavities. These developmental anomalies in the cotyledons could not be resolved even with exposure to gibberellic acid at the same temperature, although the hormone did promote germination in a part of the seeds. A hypothesis may be suggested that the endosperm can replenish depleted nutrient resources from the cotyledons to facilitate potential seed germination under favorable conditions.