<p>Data on spatial dynamics of the content of chlorophylls <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>, and <i>c</i>, carotenoids, and pigment indices of phytoplankton and periphyton in small rivers of the northwestern coast of Lake Ladoga are given. The content of chlorophyll <i>a</i> in river phytoplankton changed from 1.8 to 49.8 mg/m³; in periphyton, from 8.5 to 262 μg/g of substrate, which corresponds to a mesotrophic, slightly eutrophic, and (in certain river parts) eutrophic status. The concentration of chlorophyll <i>a</i> decreased toward the mouth in phytoplankton of the Avloga and Vyun rivers, it increased downstream in the Morye River, and was distributed fairly evenly in the Sosnovka River. The content of chlorophyll <i>a</i> in the periphyton of the Avloga and Sosnovka rivers increased downstream, while it decreased in the Morye and Vyun rivers. In the total of chlorophylls, the chlorophyll <i>a</i> prevailed in both algocenoses (56–96%). The ratios of additional pigments (chlorophylls <i>b</i> and <i>c</i>) indicated a dominance of green algae, diatoms, and euglenoids in the studied communities. A comparison of pigments, carotenoids, their ratios, and the analysis of pigment indices revealed favorable conditions for the functional activity of both communities, which allowed us to classify the studied rivers as slightly polluted. For phytoplankton, a significant association of pigment characteristics with structural indices was detected.</p>