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Abstract <p>Drought stress is one of the most critical factors limiting crop yield and quality in agriculture. To overcome this challenge, it is essential to identify drought-resistant genotypes and incorporate them into breeding programs. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro responses of different tomato varieties to drought stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG). Seeds were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations of PEG (0, 1, 2, 4, and 6%). Growth parameters such as seed germination rate, shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots were recorded. Additionally, antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of stem tissues were assessed using the DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. The highest germination rate (70.00%), the maximum shoot (6.19&#xa0;cm), root (6.38 cm) lengths were observed in the control medium (0% PEG). In terms of antioxidant capacity determined by the DPPH method, the highest values were observed in media A4 (0.39 µmol TE/g) and A5 (0.39 µmol TE/g), while the highest total phenolic content was recorded in medium A4 (32.02 mg GA/100 g). The medium containing 1% PEG also supported relatively good growth, particularly in shoot elongation. However, higher PEG concentrations resulted in a gradual reduction in all growth parameters and antioxidant activity. These results indicate that PEG-induced drought stress adversely affects tomato development in vitro. The findings also highlight the potential of tissue culture techniques as an effective tool for the preliminary screening of drought-resistant tomato genotypes under controlled conditions.</p>

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Impact of Drought Stress on Growth, Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Activity in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Cultivars under In Vitro Conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • Elif İnci Adem,
  • Asuman Kaplan Evlice,
  • Ecem Kara,
  • Hatıra Taşkın,
  • Gökhan Baktemur

摘要

Abstract

Drought stress is one of the most critical factors limiting crop yield and quality in agriculture. To overcome this challenge, it is essential to identify drought-resistant genotypes and incorporate them into breeding programs. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro responses of different tomato varieties to drought stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG). Seeds were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations of PEG (0, 1, 2, 4, and 6%). Growth parameters such as seed germination rate, shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots were recorded. Additionally, antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of stem tissues were assessed using the DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. The highest germination rate (70.00%), the maximum shoot (6.19 cm), root (6.38 cm) lengths were observed in the control medium (0% PEG). In terms of antioxidant capacity determined by the DPPH method, the highest values were observed in media A4 (0.39 µmol TE/g) and A5 (0.39 µmol TE/g), while the highest total phenolic content was recorded in medium A4 (32.02 mg GA/100 g). The medium containing 1% PEG also supported relatively good growth, particularly in shoot elongation. However, higher PEG concentrations resulted in a gradual reduction in all growth parameters and antioxidant activity. These results indicate that PEG-induced drought stress adversely affects tomato development in vitro. The findings also highlight the potential of tissue culture techniques as an effective tool for the preliminary screening of drought-resistant tomato genotypes under controlled conditions.