A Study of the Mechanism of Biological Activity Enhancement of Benzylpenicillin Sodium Salt after Treatment with Pulsed Magnetic Field of High Intensity

A magnetic field can change the biological activity of drugs, which can be used in medicine. Literature data on the increase in biological activity of prepared drugs under the influence of pulsed magnetic fields immediately before their administration have not been found. This paper presents data on the increase in antibacterial activity of benzylpenicillin sodium salt after its treatment with pulsed magnetic field. The aim of the work is to investigate the reasons for the increase in biological activity of benzylpenicillin and to show the changes that occur in the molecule under the influence of a pulsed magnetic field. Exposure to magnetic field was carried out on powdered antibiotic at a magnetic-pulse unit with magnetic field strength H = (0.09–0.82) × 10⁶ A/m. The pulse shape was a damped sinusoid with frequency response f = 40 kHz and f = 51 kHz. The experimental methods of NMR spectroscopy and IR-Fourier spectroscopy were used in the studies. A shift in the values of chemical shifts (δ_H) and of spin-spin interaction constants (²J_HH) in the signals of methylene protons of the benzyl substituent under the influence of the magnetic field was found. Changes were detected by FTIR spectroscopy in the absorption bands of the N–H and C=O bonds of the amide grouping and the carbonyl group of the lactam cycle. The obtained spectral data allow us to conclude that the geometry of the benzylpenicillin sodium salt molecule in the amide fragment has changed under the influence of a pulsed magnetic field, which may be the reason for the enhanced antibacterial activity of the antibiotic.