Parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae, Braconidae) as a Mortality Factor for the Lime Leaf Miner (Phyllonorycter issikii, Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in the Cis-Urals

The assemblage of hymenopteran parasitoids associated with the invasive lime leaf miner, Phyllonorycter issikii (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae), developing on the small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata) was studied in Perm krai and in the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2019. Sixteen species of parasitoids of Ph. issikii were recognized: Diglyphus isaea, Elachertus fenestratus, Hyssopus geniculatus, Pnigalio agraules, P. mediterraneus, Sympiesis dolichogaster, S. gordius, S. sericeicornis, Chrysocharis laomedon, Ch. nephereus, Ch. pentheus, Ch. pubens, Ch. pubicornis, Ch. submutica, Minotetrastichus frontalis (Eulophidae), and Pholetesor circumscriptus (Braconidae). Three species, Diglyphus isaea, Chrysocharis pubens, and Ch. submutica (Eulophidae), were reported as parasitoids of the lime leaf miner for the first time. The roles the complex of parasitoids played in the mortality of the miner were negligible. The mortality ranged from 1.3 ± 0.3 (Perm) to 23.7 ± 3.3% (village of Tolbazy).