Abstract <p>The results of a comparative analysis of the main habitats of natural populations of <i>Prunus armeniaca</i> L. in Dagestan based on a set of climate data and digital elevation models are presented. The grouping of the range of the species into ecogeographical units (EGUs) is shown, and the main bioclimatic predictors that determine the spatial differentiation of natural populations are identified. The main patterns of distribution of the species in the altitudinal direction have been determined. The optimal growing areas for the species have been identified.</p>