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Abstract <p>Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (<b>CTAB</b>)-capped 1,10-phenanthroline nanoparticles (<b>1,10-PHTNP</b>s) were synthesized using a reprecipitation method and characterized by spectroscopic and surface charge analyses, confirming a stable colloidal suspension (average size of 141 nm, zeta potential of +42 mV). The sensing mechanism is based on fluorescence quenching through electrostatic interactions between the cationic nanoparticles and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\text{HPO}}_{4}^{{2 - }}\)</EquationSource> <!--AnChem2570140Vishal-m5--> </InlineEquation>/<InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - }\)</EquationSource> <!--AnChem2570140Vishal-m6--> </InlineEquation> ions. The nanoparticles exhibited structured excitation at 380 nm with enhanced emission at 454 nm. Stern–Volmer constants were 4.4 × 10<sup>3</sup> M<sup>–1</sup> for <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - }\)</EquationSource> <!--AnChem2570140Vishal-m7--> </InlineEquation> and 1.82 × 10<sup>4</sup> M<sup>–1</sup> for <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\text{HPO}}_{4}^{{2 - }}\)</EquationSource> <!--AnChem2570140Vishal-m8--> </InlineEquation>, with corresponding detection limits of 4.09 × 10<sup>–6</sup> M and 8.24 × 10<sup>–7</sup> M, respectively. Recovery studies with spiked tap and river water samples showed recoveries of 95–102% (relative standard deviation &lt; 4%), confirming the probe’s applicability for real-world sample analysis. These results demonstrate that CTAB-capped 1,10-PHTNPs are promising fluorescent probes for trace-level detection of <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\text{HPO}}_{4}^{{2 - }}\)</EquationSource> <!--AnChem2570140Vishal-m9--> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - }\)</EquationSource> <!--AnChem2570140Vishal-m10--> </InlineEquation> ions in aqueous environments.</p>

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Detection of Hydrogen Phosphate (\({\text{HPO}}_{4}^{{2 - }}\)) and Hydrocarbonate (\({\text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - }\)) Using Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide-Capped 1,10-Phenanthroline Nanoparticles for Environmental Monitoring

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月1日

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  • Patil Vishal,
  • Jagtap Sanket,
  • Kamble Avinash,
  • Gholap Ankita,
  • Burungale Shivaji,
  • Mulik Abhijeet,
  • Patil Dhanshri

摘要

Abstract

Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-capped 1,10-phenanthroline nanoparticles (1,10-PHTNPs) were synthesized using a reprecipitation method and characterized by spectroscopic and surface charge analyses, confirming a stable colloidal suspension (average size of 141 nm, zeta potential of +42 mV). The sensing mechanism is based on fluorescence quenching through electrostatic interactions between the cationic nanoparticles and \({\text{HPO}}_{4}^{{2 - }}\) / \({\text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - }\) ions. The nanoparticles exhibited structured excitation at 380 nm with enhanced emission at 454 nm. Stern–Volmer constants were 4.4 × 103 M–1 for \({\text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - }\) and 1.82 × 104 M–1 for \({\text{HPO}}_{4}^{{2 - }}\) , with corresponding detection limits of 4.09 × 10–6 M and 8.24 × 10–7 M, respectively. Recovery studies with spiked tap and river water samples showed recoveries of 95–102% (relative standard deviation < 4%), confirming the probe’s applicability for real-world sample analysis. These results demonstrate that CTAB-capped 1,10-PHTNPs are promising fluorescent probes for trace-level detection of \({\text{HPO}}_{4}^{{2 - }}\) and \({\text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - }\) ions in aqueous environments.