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Abstract <p>The features of planar (thin-layer) chromatography of several linear non-ionic polysaccharides (amylose, pullulan), their visualization by post-chromatographic derivatization with iodine, and the factors influencing this process are described. It is shown that the coloration of pullulan results from the formation of pseudoclathrate complexes of molecular iodine–iodide–pullulan in short helical segments of the polysaccharide, as well as iodine absorption in the bends of the polymer chain. It was established that the shift of the spectral absorption maximum of amylose (λ<sub>max</sub> ~ 600 nm, blue coloration) to the shorter wavelength region (λ<sub>max</sub> = 560 nm, red-brown coloration) is associated with specific interactions of starch with silica and the formation of a molecular iodine–iodide–anion–amylose–silica gel complex. It was demonstrated that the intensity of iodine staining of high-molecular-weight polysaccharides does not depend on their degree of polymerization, and polysaccharide visualization by the iodine reaction in thin-layer chromatography is possible only on neutral forms of silica sorbent.</p>

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Challenges and Features of Polysaccharide Visualization in Sorbent Layers During Planar Chromatography

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月11日

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  • I. I. Malakhova,
  • A. S. Kirillov,
  • N. I. Gorshkov,
  • A. V. Eremin,
  • V. D. Krasikov

摘要

Abstract

The features of planar (thin-layer) chromatography of several linear non-ionic polysaccharides (amylose, pullulan), their visualization by post-chromatographic derivatization with iodine, and the factors influencing this process are described. It is shown that the coloration of pullulan results from the formation of pseudoclathrate complexes of molecular iodine–iodide–pullulan in short helical segments of the polysaccharide, as well as iodine absorption in the bends of the polymer chain. It was established that the shift of the spectral absorption maximum of amylose (λmax ~ 600 nm, blue coloration) to the shorter wavelength region (λmax = 560 nm, red-brown coloration) is associated with specific interactions of starch with silica and the formation of a molecular iodine–iodide–anion–amylose–silica gel complex. It was demonstrated that the intensity of iodine staining of high-molecular-weight polysaccharides does not depend on their degree of polymerization, and polysaccharide visualization by the iodine reaction in thin-layer chromatography is possible only on neutral forms of silica sorbent.