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Abstract <p>Toxic mushrooms can be classified into various groups based on the components they contain: cyclopeptides, gyromitrin, muscarine, isoxazoles (muscimol, ibotenic acid), orellanine, psilocybin, and gastrointestinal irritants. Mushrooms containing cyclopeptides are the most toxic species worldwide, responsible for 90–95% of human fatalities. Rapid and accurate identification of toxins in mushrooms and biological samples is critical for diagnosing and treating mushroom poisoning. Methods for detecting toxins are essential for ensuring timely treatment. This review analyzes scientific literature on the detection of mushroom toxins in fungal and biological samples. Particular attention is given to chromatographic methods, especially high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.</p>

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Methods for Determining Toxins and Bioactive Compounds of Higher Fungi

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • M. Sh. Aigumov,
  • M. V. Vishnevskii,
  • A. P. Novikov,
  • S. A. Savchuk

摘要

Abstract

Toxic mushrooms can be classified into various groups based on the components they contain: cyclopeptides, gyromitrin, muscarine, isoxazoles (muscimol, ibotenic acid), orellanine, psilocybin, and gastrointestinal irritants. Mushrooms containing cyclopeptides are the most toxic species worldwide, responsible for 90–95% of human fatalities. Rapid and accurate identification of toxins in mushrooms and biological samples is critical for diagnosing and treating mushroom poisoning. Methods for detecting toxins are essential for ensuring timely treatment. This review analyzes scientific literature on the detection of mushroom toxins in fungal and biological samples. Particular attention is given to chromatographic methods, especially high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.