Stability of Bulk Nanobubbles with a Hydrate Layer
摘要
Abstract
The stabilization of bulk nanobubbles with a balance at their boundary of the Laplace pressure due to surface tension and electrostatic pressure due to Coulomb forces is considered. The presence of a hydrate layer of thickness ~1 nm with a tangential orientation of water dipoles around it is taken into account, the low permittivity of which, approximately equal to 3, increases the pressure at the boundary of the nanobubble. The dimensions and charge of a stable nanobubble are determined. It is shown that in salt water, the hydrate layer, regardless of the charge of the nanobubble, increases the pressure at its boundary by almost 30 times, and in fresh water—from 10 to 4 times.