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Abstract <p>The unique natural complex of the central part of the Stanovoe Highlands covers the Kodar mountain range and one of the largest mobile sand massifs in Eastern Siberia at its southeastern foot. The complex orography of Kodar includes a series of mountain knotes and chains of various orientations in the watershed area of the Vitim and Olekma basins, the right tributaries of the Lena River. The combination of alpine and golets relief types (along the periphery of the structure), a clear manifestation of the regularity of the high-altitude zone, and dissection by deep trough valleys combined with lakes of various sizes create a unique physical and geographical appearance of the mountains. The asymmetric near-riftgorstmorphostructure of Kodar sharply contrasts with the graben of the Verkhnechar depression, located in the axial zone of the northeastern part of the Baikal Rift. The region has the highest (within Russia) level of seismicity. This is reflected not only in the spread of seismic dislocations, but also in the isolation of areas rarely found in highhighlands of a subtype of “seismoalpinotypic” relief (analogues are separate nodes of the Andes and Pamirs). The sharply manifested block morphotectonics organizes the mesorelief of the complex. Among the destructive exogenous processes, villages of various types deserve special attention, and among the most dynamic exogenous processes is the Aeolian processing of the Charsky Sands. The biggest attraction of Kodar is its modern glaciation, which is almost the only one at a distance of 2500 km from the Eastern Sayan to the mountain node of Suntar_khayat. The region has record-breaking characteristics in terms of permafrost development and the depth of “frozen” bedrock. Among the specific phenomena of this kind, stone glaciers in the mountains and ice—both on the Kodar and in the Verkhnechar basin attract attention. As a result of damming of the transit runoff by the Kodar outlet glaciers (the last time was at the end of the Sartan glaciation), extensive dammed reservoirs formed in the depressions of this link of the Stanovoy Upland.</p>

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Relief of the Central Part of the Rift Stanovoe Upland

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月26日

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  • A. A. Lukashov

摘要

Abstract

The unique natural complex of the central part of the Stanovoe Highlands covers the Kodar mountain range and one of the largest mobile sand massifs in Eastern Siberia at its southeastern foot. The complex orography of Kodar includes a series of mountain knotes and chains of various orientations in the watershed area of the Vitim and Olekma basins, the right tributaries of the Lena River. The combination of alpine and golets relief types (along the periphery of the structure), a clear manifestation of the regularity of the high-altitude zone, and dissection by deep trough valleys combined with lakes of various sizes create a unique physical and geographical appearance of the mountains. The asymmetric near-riftgorstmorphostructure of Kodar sharply contrasts with the graben of the Verkhnechar depression, located in the axial zone of the northeastern part of the Baikal Rift. The region has the highest (within Russia) level of seismicity. This is reflected not only in the spread of seismic dislocations, but also in the isolation of areas rarely found in highhighlands of a subtype of “seismoalpinotypic” relief (analogues are separate nodes of the Andes and Pamirs). The sharply manifested block morphotectonics organizes the mesorelief of the complex. Among the destructive exogenous processes, villages of various types deserve special attention, and among the most dynamic exogenous processes is the Aeolian processing of the Charsky Sands. The biggest attraction of Kodar is its modern glaciation, which is almost the only one at a distance of 2500 km from the Eastern Sayan to the mountain node of Suntar_khayat. The region has record-breaking characteristics in terms of permafrost development and the depth of “frozen” bedrock. Among the specific phenomena of this kind, stone glaciers in the mountains and ice—both on the Kodar and in the Verkhnechar basin attract attention. As a result of damming of the transit runoff by the Kodar outlet glaciers (the last time was at the end of the Sartan glaciation), extensive dammed reservoirs formed in the depressions of this link of the Stanovoy Upland.