Estimates of Carbon Dioxide Flux into the Forest Ecosystem Based on Results of Ground-Based Hyperspectral Sounding of the Atmosphere and an Artificial Neural Network Model

The results of hyperspectral sounding of the atmosphere at the Ural Atmospheric Station in Kourovka from 2012–2022 are presented. It is shown that the average rate of carbon dioxide growth in the atmosphere of this region is about 2.5 ppm per year. The amount of carbon dioxide absorbed from the atmosphere by the forest ecosystem per unit area during the growing season (April–September) in the vicinity of the carbon site in Kourovka is estimated using two independent methods. One method is based on the data on the CO₂ total column obtained from sounding the atmosphere with a ground-based high-resolution infrared Fourier spectrometer. The second method is based on the use of an artificial neural network with data from spectral channels of the MODIS satellite sensor as input. The results obtained by both methods have good agreement: the amount of CO₂ absorbed from the atmosphere by the forest ecosystem in the vicinity of the carbon site during the growing season of 2022 is ~1.5 t/ha according to the first method and ~1.3 t/ha according to the second method.