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Abstract <p>Rice is a staple food for nearly one-half of the world’s population. Rice is a thermophilic crop and temperature conditions is an important factor that restricts the area of its cultivation. The south of the European part of Russia is one of the most northern regions of rice cultivation in the world. Therefore, studies of specimens cultivated in this region can play an important role in understanding the mechanisms responsible for adaptation to temperature conditions and other abiotic and biotic environmental factors, improving the breeding process and expanding the boundaries of cultivation of the crop. However, no systematic research on the genetic diversity of Russian rice varieties using modern methods has been performed so far. The analysis of whole-plastome sequences is an important source of data on plant phylogeny and evolution. In the present study, we analyzed the complete sequences of chloroplast genomes of 56 rice accessions, including Russian and European varieties, varieties from the former Soviet Union countries, and some other varieties and lines of different origins. It was shown that all the studied samples could be classified into only three out of five previously identified groups of chloroplast genomes of cultivated rice. The most represented group of all was group 1 (Or-wj-I). A significantly large part of the analysed samples had identical haplotypes. Thus, our data lead to the conclusion about the low genetic diversity of the studied sample. This may be explained by the limited set of parental forms used to create genotypes adapted to cultivation at the northern border of the cropping area.</p>

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Diversity of Oryza sativa Plastomes on the European Northern Edge of Planting Area

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • S. V. Goryunova,
  • A. B. Sivolapova,
  • O. B. Polivanova,
  • E. A. Sotnikova,
  • N. G. Tumanyan,
  • L. V. Yesaulova,
  • T. L. Korotenko,
  • E. G. Savenko,
  • N. I. Vahrusheva,
  • Z. M. Mukhina,
  • D. V. Goryunov

摘要

Abstract

Rice is a staple food for nearly one-half of the world’s population. Rice is a thermophilic crop and temperature conditions is an important factor that restricts the area of its cultivation. The south of the European part of Russia is one of the most northern regions of rice cultivation in the world. Therefore, studies of specimens cultivated in this region can play an important role in understanding the mechanisms responsible for adaptation to temperature conditions and other abiotic and biotic environmental factors, improving the breeding process and expanding the boundaries of cultivation of the crop. However, no systematic research on the genetic diversity of Russian rice varieties using modern methods has been performed so far. The analysis of whole-plastome sequences is an important source of data on plant phylogeny and evolution. In the present study, we analyzed the complete sequences of chloroplast genomes of 56 rice accessions, including Russian and European varieties, varieties from the former Soviet Union countries, and some other varieties and lines of different origins. It was shown that all the studied samples could be classified into only three out of five previously identified groups of chloroplast genomes of cultivated rice. The most represented group of all was group 1 (Or-wj-I). A significantly large part of the analysed samples had identical haplotypes. Thus, our data lead to the conclusion about the low genetic diversity of the studied sample. This may be explained by the limited set of parental forms used to create genotypes adapted to cultivation at the northern border of the cropping area.