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Abstract <p>Phytomelatonin is a powerful antioxidant involved in the regulation of plant growth, development and defense response. One of the key enzymes of melatonin biosynthesis is serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT). This study was aimed at the structural and expression analysis of the <i>SlSNAT1</i> and <i>SlSNAT2</i> genes, which presumably function as SNATs in tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.). In the NCBI/SolGenomics databases, 40/43 proteins of the tomato GCN5-related NAT (GNAT) family were identified, including seven homologs of known SNATs from other plant species, as well as seven proteins that have an N-terminal chloroplast transit peptide. The genes encoding SlSNAT1 and SlSNAT2 proteins with putative SNAT activity were characterized by intervarietal variability of regulatory regions and expression in leaves. It was shown that <i>SlSNAT1</i> and <i>SlSNAT2</i> differ in size (11 491 vs. 836 bp) and the number of exons (8 vs. 1), and the sequences of promoters and 5'-untranslated regions of each gene are invariable between cultivars and contain a gene-specific set of <i>cis</i>-regulatory elements associated with the response to phytohormones, light, and stress factors. <i>In silico</i> (TomExpress) analysis of transcriptome data from eight tomato accessions and RT-qPCR on leaves of four cultivars demonstrated genotype specificity of the <i>SlSNAT1</i> and <i>SlSNAT2</i> transcript levels. It was found that <i>SlSNAT2</i> expression was significantly higher than <i>SlSNAT1</i> expression in stress-resistant cultivars and similar to that in stress-sensitive accessions. The results obtained can contribute to studies of the mechanism of melatonin biosynthesis regulation, including in response to stress factors, as well as to the development of breeding of stress-resistant tomato cultivars.</p>

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Characteristics of the Structure and Expression of the Serotonin-N-Acetyltransferases SlSNAT1 and SlSNAT2 Genes Involved in Melatonin Biosynthesis in Tomato Solanum lycopersicum L.

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月1日

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  • O. K. Anisimova,
  • E. Z. Kochieva,
  • A. V. Shchennikova

摘要

Abstract

Phytomelatonin is a powerful antioxidant involved in the regulation of plant growth, development and defense response. One of the key enzymes of melatonin biosynthesis is serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT). This study was aimed at the structural and expression analysis of the SlSNAT1 and SlSNAT2 genes, which presumably function as SNATs in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). In the NCBI/SolGenomics databases, 40/43 proteins of the tomato GCN5-related NAT (GNAT) family were identified, including seven homologs of known SNATs from other plant species, as well as seven proteins that have an N-terminal chloroplast transit peptide. The genes encoding SlSNAT1 and SlSNAT2 proteins with putative SNAT activity were characterized by intervarietal variability of regulatory regions and expression in leaves. It was shown that SlSNAT1 and SlSNAT2 differ in size (11 491 vs. 836 bp) and the number of exons (8 vs. 1), and the sequences of promoters and 5'-untranslated regions of each gene are invariable between cultivars and contain a gene-specific set of cis-regulatory elements associated with the response to phytohormones, light, and stress factors. In silico (TomExpress) analysis of transcriptome data from eight tomato accessions and RT-qPCR on leaves of four cultivars demonstrated genotype specificity of the SlSNAT1 and SlSNAT2 transcript levels. It was found that SlSNAT2 expression was significantly higher than SlSNAT1 expression in stress-resistant cultivars and similar to that in stress-sensitive accessions. The results obtained can contribute to studies of the mechanism of melatonin biosynthesis regulation, including in response to stress factors, as well as to the development of breeding of stress-resistant tomato cultivars.