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Abstract <p>The search for effective antiradiation agents remains a pressing issue in radiation biology. In this study, various markers were used to analyze tissue damage in mice with proliferative activity and radiosensitivity (brain, spleen). The degree of damage modulation was also assessed when thymoquinone (2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone, <i>Nigella sativa</i>) was administered to mice after exposure to X-rays. The results of the study showed that nuclear DNA (nDNA) reparation was more active in the spleen of mice irradiated and given thymoquinone than in brain tissue. This was accompanied by activation of mitochondrial biogenesis with the synthesis of new copies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). A significant proportion of newly synthesized mtDNA molecules contained mutant copies, which contributed to an increase in oxidative stress. Thymoquinone reduced the number of mutant mtDNA copies in the spleen and brain tissues. In the tissues of mice exposed to X-rays, an increase in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and a decrease in the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) were observed. The concentration of MDA was higher in the tissue of the cerebral cortex than in the tissue of the mouse spleen, and the content of GSH in the spleen was more than two times lower than in the brain. Nevertheless, thymoquinone contributed to the restoration of their levels. Thus, despite the fact that the tissues of the spleen and brain of mice differed in the values of the analyzed markers, the radioprotective potential of thymoquinone was observed in both tissues.</p>

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Thymoquinone Restore Mitochondrial Functions in Tissues after Exposure to X-ray Radiation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月1日

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  • T. P. Kalinin,
  • D. V. Fomina,
  • N. R. Popova,
  • A. V. Tochilenko,
  • N. F. Raeva,
  • G. D. Zasukhina,
  • S. A. Abdullaev

摘要

Abstract

The search for effective antiradiation agents remains a pressing issue in radiation biology. In this study, various markers were used to analyze tissue damage in mice with proliferative activity and radiosensitivity (brain, spleen). The degree of damage modulation was also assessed when thymoquinone (2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone, Nigella sativa) was administered to mice after exposure to X-rays. The results of the study showed that nuclear DNA (nDNA) reparation was more active in the spleen of mice irradiated and given thymoquinone than in brain tissue. This was accompanied by activation of mitochondrial biogenesis with the synthesis of new copies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). A significant proportion of newly synthesized mtDNA molecules contained mutant copies, which contributed to an increase in oxidative stress. Thymoquinone reduced the number of mutant mtDNA copies in the spleen and brain tissues. In the tissues of mice exposed to X-rays, an increase in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and a decrease in the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) were observed. The concentration of MDA was higher in the tissue of the cerebral cortex than in the tissue of the mouse spleen, and the content of GSH in the spleen was more than two times lower than in the brain. Nevertheless, thymoquinone contributed to the restoration of their levels. Thus, despite the fact that the tissues of the spleen and brain of mice differed in the values of the analyzed markers, the radioprotective potential of thymoquinone was observed in both tissues.