<b>Abstract</b>— <p>Species of the genus <i>Triticum</i> and synthetic wheats produced with their involvement present a source of new genes for the improvement of cultivated <i>T. aestivum</i> varieties. In the present study, the substitution and translocation patterns in the hybrid lines derived from crosses between common wheat varieties and <i>Triticum spelta</i> and <i>T. kiharae</i> were studied. It was demonstrated that in the B-genome chromosomes (especially in chromosomes 4B and 7B), spelt fragments, as a rule, were longer in length than the fragments of synthetic wheat <i>T. kiharae</i>. In the lines produced with the involvement of synthetic wheat, recombination events more often occurred between the A and A^t genomes compared to the B and G genomes of <i>T. aestivum</i> and <i>T. kiharae</i>, respectively, which pointed to closer relationships between the A/A^t homoeologous chromosomes. The obtained data showed that the introgressed regions in the D genome in all the studied lines were usually shorter in length than those in the A and B genomes. The lines developed with the involvement of spelt were characterized by high meiotic index (95.83–97.27%), which was associated with close relationships between <i>T. spelta</i> and <i>T. aestivum</i>. The lines derived from synthetic wheat had lower amounts of normal tetrads (77.0–93.0%), which was determined not only by the reduced chromosome homology between the genomes of the original forms, but also by the reduced cytological stability of <i>T. kiharae</i> compared to other parental genotypes. In the introgression lines, no considerable gametogenesis impairment was found, and the meiotic index for most of the genotypes was high (more than 90%). The studied lines are of interest for the selection of promising material characterized by agronomically important traits.</p>