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Abstract <p>The <i>BRCA1</i> gene, which is called a “gatekeeper” plays an important role in the process of repairing DNA damage, maintaining chromosome stability, regulating the cell cycle and regulating the transcription process. The current research was conducted with the aim of bioinformatic analysis and comparison of the genetic diversity and phylogenetic structure of the <i>BRCA1</i> gene of different breeds of domestic and wild sheep from 45 breeds in 6 geographical regions using the NCBI genome database. The desired sequences were aligned using MEGA11 software and a phylogenetic tree was drawn by the Neighbor-Joining method. Also, nucleotide diversity, haploid diversity, the number of mutations, the percentage of gene differentiation and gene conversion were analyzed using Dnaspv5 software. The analyses related to the comparison of breeds showed 735 polymorphisms, which led to the creation of 75 different haplotypes. The average genetic distance within and between breeds was calculated to be 0.043 and 0.063 respectively. The genetic distance between Rhoen and Cheviot breeds is the highest (0.34) and between Scottish Blackface and Welsh Hardy Speckled Face and Cine Capari breeds with Norduz was the lowest (0.001). The Genetic differentiation between Karakas and Cheviot was the highest (0.03). Tajima’s <i>D</i> value in Tajima’s neutrality test was –2.421, which was significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The reasons for high genetic diversity in the wild population, which inhibits genetic drift and reduction of inbreeding are the existence of jungle and open environments, which affect muscle strength, eating habits, aggressive behaviors and defense responses.</p>

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Whole Sequence Analysis of BRCA1 Gene to Unravel the Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Structure of the Domestic and Wild Sheep

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月1日

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  • A. Nikmanesh,
  • A. Esmailizadeh,
  • H. A. Nanaei,
  • L. Ezedinloo,
  • M. A. Fozi

摘要

Abstract

The BRCA1 gene, which is called a “gatekeeper” plays an important role in the process of repairing DNA damage, maintaining chromosome stability, regulating the cell cycle and regulating the transcription process. The current research was conducted with the aim of bioinformatic analysis and comparison of the genetic diversity and phylogenetic structure of the BRCA1 gene of different breeds of domestic and wild sheep from 45 breeds in 6 geographical regions using the NCBI genome database. The desired sequences were aligned using MEGA11 software and a phylogenetic tree was drawn by the Neighbor-Joining method. Also, nucleotide diversity, haploid diversity, the number of mutations, the percentage of gene differentiation and gene conversion were analyzed using Dnaspv5 software. The analyses related to the comparison of breeds showed 735 polymorphisms, which led to the creation of 75 different haplotypes. The average genetic distance within and between breeds was calculated to be 0.043 and 0.063 respectively. The genetic distance between Rhoen and Cheviot breeds is the highest (0.34) and between Scottish Blackface and Welsh Hardy Speckled Face and Cine Capari breeds with Norduz was the lowest (0.001). The Genetic differentiation between Karakas and Cheviot was the highest (0.03). Tajima’s D value in Tajima’s neutrality test was –2.421, which was significant (p < 0.05). The reasons for high genetic diversity in the wild population, which inhibits genetic drift and reduction of inbreeding are the existence of jungle and open environments, which affect muscle strength, eating habits, aggressive behaviors and defense responses.