Dynamics of the Population Structure of Belgorod Oblast. Malecot’s Isolation by Distance

The article presents the results of assessing the dynamics of parameters of Malecot’s isolation by distance model among the population of Belgorod oblast from 1978–1980 to 2016–2018. When compared with data for 1890–1910 and 1951–1953 on average for the region, an increase in the root-mean-square distances between the places of birth of spouses was established taking into account long-distance migrations (6.9 times) and without them (13.3 times), as well as effective migration pressure (1.5 times), and there was a decrease in the coefficient of linear systematic pressure (11 times) and the effective population size (1.3 times). The level of local inbreeding decreased significantly among the urban population and remained unchanged among the rural population. The most pronounced changes in the parameters of Malecot’s isolation by distance model occurred in the middle to the second half of the 20th century. The differences in most indicators of Malecot’s isolation by distance model between city and village, maximally expressed at the end of the 19th century, decreased over the course of generations and were practically leveled out by 2016–2018.