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Abstract <p>Eggplant (<i>Solanum melongena</i> L.), an important Solanaceous vegetable, is significantly affected by heat stress, particularly during the reproductive stage, leading to reduced fruit set, pollen degeneration, and oxidative damage. This study evaluated ten eggplant genotypes of which five reported to be tolerant and five susceptible for heat stress, based on physiological and biochemical responses under high-temperature stress (summer season) and compared them with normal growing conditions (rainy season). Heat stress resulted in a significant decline in relative water content, total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, and membrane stability index, with susceptible genotypes like G-131 and EC-368225 exhibiting the highest reduction. Canopy temperature was significantly higher in summer, while tolerant genotypes (Pusa Shyamla, Pant Samrat) exhibited better transpirational cooling. Proline accumulation, a stress tolerance bio-chemical, was elevated in tolerant genotypes. There was increased production of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde in summer season crop and the rate of increase was higher in susceptible genotypes. Antioxidant enzyme activity, including superoxide dismutase and catalase, was higher in tolerant genotypes, indicating their role in scavenging reactive oxygen species. Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis effectively differentiated heat-tolerant and susceptible genotypes. The study highlights the physiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying heat tolerance in eggplant, providing insights into selecting resilient genotypes with higher anthocyanin for breeding programs aimed at climate adaptation.</p>

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Physiological and Biochemical Responses in Novel Eggplant Lines under Heat Stress Condition

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月19日

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  • S. Santhiya,
  • P. Saha,
  • B. S. Tomar,
  • V. Chinnusamy,
  • N. D. Saha

摘要

Abstract

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), an important Solanaceous vegetable, is significantly affected by heat stress, particularly during the reproductive stage, leading to reduced fruit set, pollen degeneration, and oxidative damage. This study evaluated ten eggplant genotypes of which five reported to be tolerant and five susceptible for heat stress, based on physiological and biochemical responses under high-temperature stress (summer season) and compared them with normal growing conditions (rainy season). Heat stress resulted in a significant decline in relative water content, total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, and membrane stability index, with susceptible genotypes like G-131 and EC-368225 exhibiting the highest reduction. Canopy temperature was significantly higher in summer, while tolerant genotypes (Pusa Shyamla, Pant Samrat) exhibited better transpirational cooling. Proline accumulation, a stress tolerance bio-chemical, was elevated in tolerant genotypes. There was increased production of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde in summer season crop and the rate of increase was higher in susceptible genotypes. Antioxidant enzyme activity, including superoxide dismutase and catalase, was higher in tolerant genotypes, indicating their role in scavenging reactive oxygen species. Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis effectively differentiated heat-tolerant and susceptible genotypes. The study highlights the physiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying heat tolerance in eggplant, providing insights into selecting resilient genotypes with higher anthocyanin for breeding programs aimed at climate adaptation.