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Abstract <p>MATE proteins, prevalent in plants, encode membrane transporters that facilitate the movement of secondary metabolites, heavy metal ions, and phytohormones. These proteins are crucial for plant growth, development, and stress response. However, the number of MATE genes in <i>Aegilops tauschii</i> and their expression profiles under heavy metal stresses remain unclear. A homology search and domain prediction identified 71 MATE members in the <i>A. tauschii</i> genome, distributed across all 8 chromosomes. The MATE genes were categorized into five groups according to their phylogenetic relationships and protein structures. Collinearity analysis identified 8 gene duplication events, highlighting segmental duplication as a major factor in the evolution and expansion of the <i>AetMATE</i> gene family in <i>A. tauschii</i>. Moreover, various cis-regulatory elements related to abiotic stresses and hormone signals were found in the promoters of the <i>AetMATE</i> genes. Finally, qRT-PCR results demonstrated that most <i>AetMATE</i> members exhibited distinct expression patterns under four different heavy metal stress conditions. Moreover, many <i>AetMATE</i> members showed differential expression trends between roots and leaves under the same stressor, indicating that the <i>AetMATE</i> members play complex roles in response to heavy metal stresses. Together, this study not only established the first genome-wide analysis of the <i>A. tauschii</i> MATE gene family, but also improved the understanding of the functions of the <i>AetMATE</i> members under the heavy metal stresses.</p>

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Genome‑Wide Analysis of MATE Genes and Their Differential Expression Patterns in Roots and Leaves in Response to Heavy Metal Toxicity in Aegilops tauschii

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月1日

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  • J. Xu,
  • N. Wang

摘要

Abstract

MATE proteins, prevalent in plants, encode membrane transporters that facilitate the movement of secondary metabolites, heavy metal ions, and phytohormones. These proteins are crucial for plant growth, development, and stress response. However, the number of MATE genes in Aegilops tauschii and their expression profiles under heavy metal stresses remain unclear. A homology search and domain prediction identified 71 MATE members in the A. tauschii genome, distributed across all 8 chromosomes. The MATE genes were categorized into five groups according to their phylogenetic relationships and protein structures. Collinearity analysis identified 8 gene duplication events, highlighting segmental duplication as a major factor in the evolution and expansion of the AetMATE gene family in A. tauschii. Moreover, various cis-regulatory elements related to abiotic stresses and hormone signals were found in the promoters of the AetMATE genes. Finally, qRT-PCR results demonstrated that most AetMATE members exhibited distinct expression patterns under four different heavy metal stress conditions. Moreover, many AetMATE members showed differential expression trends between roots and leaves under the same stressor, indicating that the AetMATE members play complex roles in response to heavy metal stresses. Together, this study not only established the first genome-wide analysis of the A. tauschii MATE gene family, but also improved the understanding of the functions of the AetMATE members under the heavy metal stresses.