Abstract <p>Nanopriming is an advanced, effective and cost-effective plant treatment technology and that uses nanoparticles (NPs) to improve germination, growth and yield of crops, as well as to increase tolerance to abiotic stresses. Nanopriming affects metabolism and productivity of plants by regulating morphological, physiological, biochemical, molecular and genetic parameters. Various studies on plants have shown that nanopriming improves nutrient absorption and photosynthetic activity, regulates the antioxidant system, and reduces oxidative damage under both control and stress conditions. However, the regulatory role of nanopriming has not been properly and systematically considered. This review collects the current science literature on nanopriming mechanisms and discusses the potential impact of nanopriming on plant growth and development, as well as future prospects for its use in science and agriculture.</p>