Tartaric Acid Application for Improving Tolerance of Rye (Secale cereale L.) Seedlings to Cadmium Chloride Stress and Freeze-Thaw Condition

The high altitude has less rainfall, changeable temperature and the plants in this zone are vulnerable to abiotic stresses like freeze and thaw condition (FTC) and cadmium (Cd). Tartaric acid (TA), as acid fertilizer, can help plant to tolerate abiotic stresses in farmland environment and also help in plant growth. Through aquicultural (hydroponic) researches, this experiment examined the response of physiological features of rye seedlings under FTC and Cd compound stresses and the possible defensive effect of TA on the rye (Secale cereale L.) seedlings. The results proved that FTC and Cd stresses reduced the net photosynthetic and transpiration rate of rye seedlings, and TA cannot show best performance. Though, TA improved the resist of seedlings to opposing stress, significant rises in peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase enzymes, soluble protein and a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) content, because high degree of MDA concentration in plant cause oxidative damages of pant cell. Therefore, it confirmed that TA has a defensive effect on rye plant in FTC and Cd compound stresses and decrease the physiological damage to the plant. We recommended that, in agriculture organization, the occurrence of these stresses (freeze-thaw and Cd) should be minimized in the initial stages of rye to decrease the physiological stress.