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Abstract <p>The Khanty, Mansi, and Forest Nenets are indigenous peoples living in northwestern Siberia within the boundaries of the present-day Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug (Yugra), Tyumen’ oblast, and Northern Sverdlovsk oblast. Due to their economic activity, based on appropriative economy, and their small population, they received the status of small-numbered peoples of the North as early as 1926, which entitled them to special attention and protection from the state and certain social benefits. In the second half of the 20th century, their territories fell under active industrial development. The last three decades of the ethnic history of the Khanty, Mansi, and Forest Nenets have been marked by a turbulent process of ethnic mobilization, which began amid the worsening environmental crisis of the 1980s and 1990s, which threatened the traditional land use of hunters, fishermen, and reindeer herders. Ethnic mobilization has encompassed all aspects of life and has been characterized by the active involvement of representatives of these peoples in political processes unfolding in the country. While interest in the historical and cultural heritage of the indigenous peoples of the North is growing, most studies focus on individual elements of their traditional culture and rarely consider contemporary trends. This article aims to analyze the changes that have occurred over the past three decades in the ethnic history of the Khanty, Mansi, and Forest Nenets in the context of the overall development of the country and region and to identify forms of ethnic mobilization.</p>

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Indigenous Minorities of Western Siberia in the Late 19th – Early 21st Centuries: Vectors of Ethnic Mobilization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • E. M. Glavatskaya

摘要

Abstract

The Khanty, Mansi, and Forest Nenets are indigenous peoples living in northwestern Siberia within the boundaries of the present-day Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug (Yugra), Tyumen’ oblast, and Northern Sverdlovsk oblast. Due to their economic activity, based on appropriative economy, and their small population, they received the status of small-numbered peoples of the North as early as 1926, which entitled them to special attention and protection from the state and certain social benefits. In the second half of the 20th century, their territories fell under active industrial development. The last three decades of the ethnic history of the Khanty, Mansi, and Forest Nenets have been marked by a turbulent process of ethnic mobilization, which began amid the worsening environmental crisis of the 1980s and 1990s, which threatened the traditional land use of hunters, fishermen, and reindeer herders. Ethnic mobilization has encompassed all aspects of life and has been characterized by the active involvement of representatives of these peoples in political processes unfolding in the country. While interest in the historical and cultural heritage of the indigenous peoples of the North is growing, most studies focus on individual elements of their traditional culture and rarely consider contemporary trends. This article aims to analyze the changes that have occurred over the past three decades in the ethnic history of the Khanty, Mansi, and Forest Nenets in the context of the overall development of the country and region and to identify forms of ethnic mobilization.