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Abstract <p>The problem of the Soviet leadership’s perception of Yugoslavia’s domestic and foreign policy during the Soviet–Yugoslav conflict of 1948 is analyzed. It is shown how relations between the two countries developed in the first postwar years and what demands were made by the Kremlin on the Yugoslav Communist Party: fidelity to Marxist theory, the idea of internationalism, and full support for the slogan of the unity of all countries of the “people’s democracy” headed by the Soviet Union. The process of gradual deviation of the Yugoslav Communist Party leadership towards the priority of national interests and the reaction to it in Moscow, which accused the CPY of nationalism, are considered. The nature of the contradictions between the two communist parties is examined in the context of the geopolitical strategy of the Soviet Union at that time and the regional policy of &#xa0;Yugoslavia. The refusal of Tito and his associates to accept the Kremlin’s accusations initiated the search for their own “authentic” model of socialism, based on the “true” Marxist theory and free from the distortions of Stalinism, which was defined in Belgrade as state-bureaucratic capitalism. The gradual formation and evolution of the Yugoslav model, reforms in the economy and social sphere, the introduction of workers’ self-government, which took place in the early 1950s, became the object of close attention and total criticism from the Soviet leadership. Moscow also closely followed Belgrade’s foreign policy, the main priority of which at that time was to preserve the country’s independence by any means necessary. The rapprochement of Yugoslavia with the United States and other Western countries caused particular concern in the Kremlin since, as they believed, it contributed to the strengthening of NATO in the region and weakened the position of the Soviet bloc.</p>

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Soviet Perception of Yugoslav Policy during the Conflict between the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia in 1948–1953

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月23日

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  • A. S. Anikeev

摘要

Abstract

The problem of the Soviet leadership’s perception of Yugoslavia’s domestic and foreign policy during the Soviet–Yugoslav conflict of 1948 is analyzed. It is shown how relations between the two countries developed in the first postwar years and what demands were made by the Kremlin on the Yugoslav Communist Party: fidelity to Marxist theory, the idea of internationalism, and full support for the slogan of the unity of all countries of the “people’s democracy” headed by the Soviet Union. The process of gradual deviation of the Yugoslav Communist Party leadership towards the priority of national interests and the reaction to it in Moscow, which accused the CPY of nationalism, are considered. The nature of the contradictions between the two communist parties is examined in the context of the geopolitical strategy of the Soviet Union at that time and the regional policy of  Yugoslavia. The refusal of Tito and his associates to accept the Kremlin’s accusations initiated the search for their own “authentic” model of socialism, based on the “true” Marxist theory and free from the distortions of Stalinism, which was defined in Belgrade as state-bureaucratic capitalism. The gradual formation and evolution of the Yugoslav model, reforms in the economy and social sphere, the introduction of workers’ self-government, which took place in the early 1950s, became the object of close attention and total criticism from the Soviet leadership. Moscow also closely followed Belgrade’s foreign policy, the main priority of which at that time was to preserve the country’s independence by any means necessary. The rapprochement of Yugoslavia with the United States and other Western countries caused particular concern in the Kremlin since, as they believed, it contributed to the strengthening of NATO in the region and weakened the position of the Soviet bloc.