The Magnitudes of Seismic Events Induced by Fluid Injections into the Earth’s Crust
摘要
Abstract
We review empirical data and theoretical relationships to derive equations which relate the upper boundary of maximum earthquake magnitude to the volume of fluids injected by pumping water and supercritical СО2, as well as to magmatic activity preceding volcanic eruptions. The equations can be used to predict triggered seismicity occurring during the extraction of shale gas and oil, to develop systems for extraction of geothermal energy and for burial of supercritical СО2, as well as to assess the volumes of magma injected before eruptions of volcanoes.