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<b>Abstract</b>— <p>The autonomic and hormonal support of visual working memory (WM) was studied in adolescents (<i>n</i> = 24) when memorizing and comparing emotional information (positive, negative, and neutral). Memorization and comparison of neutral images were accompanied by a decrease in neurohumoral and metabolic regulation of the heart, increased sympathetic activity compared with baseline, as well as a rapid recovery of heart rate variability (HRV) indicators to the initial level, which indicated an adequate use of adaptive regulatory strategies. Higher efficiency of WM was revealed during the memorization of neutral information compared to other blocks, along with the maximum reaction time. Memorization and comparison of images with positive emotional valence did not cause significant changes in HRV indicators both in cognitive tasks and during the recovery period. The most generalized reaction of the autonomic nervous system in adolescents was noted when memorizing and comparing negative emotional stimuli. Thus, parasympathetic activity increased, while neurohumoral and metabolic effects decreased. During the recovery period, there was an increase in sympathetic activity on heart rate. Presumably, an increase in vagal activity might be associated with the stage of resource mobilization during anxiety and stress. In this case anxiety acted as a maladaptive factor that reduced the effectiveness of WM (the lowest percentage of correct answers) against the background of minimal reaction time. No statistically significant changes were observed in the concentration of cortisol in saliva in the study of hormonal support of WM during memorization and comparison of information with different emotional valence.</p>

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Autonomic and Hormonal Support of Working Memory during Memorization of Emotional Information in Adolescents of 13–14 Years Old

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • O. N. Adamovskaya,
  • I. V. Ermakova

摘要

Abstract—

The autonomic and hormonal support of visual working memory (WM) was studied in adolescents (n = 24) when memorizing and comparing emotional information (positive, negative, and neutral). Memorization and comparison of neutral images were accompanied by a decrease in neurohumoral and metabolic regulation of the heart, increased sympathetic activity compared with baseline, as well as a rapid recovery of heart rate variability (HRV) indicators to the initial level, which indicated an adequate use of adaptive regulatory strategies. Higher efficiency of WM was revealed during the memorization of neutral information compared to other blocks, along with the maximum reaction time. Memorization and comparison of images with positive emotional valence did not cause significant changes in HRV indicators both in cognitive tasks and during the recovery period. The most generalized reaction of the autonomic nervous system in adolescents was noted when memorizing and comparing negative emotional stimuli. Thus, parasympathetic activity increased, while neurohumoral and metabolic effects decreased. During the recovery period, there was an increase in sympathetic activity on heart rate. Presumably, an increase in vagal activity might be associated with the stage of resource mobilization during anxiety and stress. In this case anxiety acted as a maladaptive factor that reduced the effectiveness of WM (the lowest percentage of correct answers) against the background of minimal reaction time. No statistically significant changes were observed in the concentration of cortisol in saliva in the study of hormonal support of WM during memorization and comparison of information with different emotional valence.