Abstract <p>There are so many ideas that potentially explain the dark energy phenomenon, current research is focusing on a more in-depth analysis of the potential effects of modified gravity on both local and cosmic scales. In this paper we investigate some cosmic reconstructions in <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12267_2025_5254_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="38" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f(Q)\)</EquationSource> <!--GravCos2470054Shekh-m3--> </InlineEquation> cosmology, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12267_2025_5254_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Q\)</EquationSource> <!--GravCos2470054Shekh-m4--> </InlineEquation> is the nonmetricity corresponding to the evolution background in the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) universe. This allows us to determine how any FLRW cosmology can emerge from a particular <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12267_2025_5254_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="38" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f(Q)\)</EquationSource> <!--GravCos2470054Shekh-m5--> </InlineEquation> theory. We employ the reconstruction technique to generate explicit formulations of the <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12267_2025_5254_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="38" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f(Q)\)</EquationSource> <!--GravCos2470054Shekh-m6--> </InlineEquation> Lagrangian for several types of matter sources like a perfect fluid, a dustlike fluid, stiff fluid and a binary mixture of two fluids. Furthermore, we compute the field equations and the equation of state (EoS) parameter <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12267_2025_5254_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="14" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\omega\)</EquationSource> <!--GravCos2470054Shekh-m7--> </InlineEquation> for two different reconstructed <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12267_2025_5254_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="38" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f(Q)\)</EquationSource> <!--GravCos2470054Shekh-m8--> </InlineEquation> models with variation of the involved constants, which gives a scenario of an accelerating universe, a quintessence region and the cosmological constant. We also observe that the time dependence of <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12267_2025_5254_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="14" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\omega\)</EquationSource> <!--GravCos2470054Shekh-m9--> </InlineEquation> admits cosmic acceleration. These new <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12267_2025_5254_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="38" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f(Q)\)</EquationSource> <!--GravCos2470054Shekh-m10--> </InlineEquation> gravity inspired models may have an impact on gravitational phenomena at other cosmological scales.</p>

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Models of \(\boldsymbol{f(Q)}\) Gravity with Electromagnetic Field

  • S. H. Shekh,
  • Hira Sohail,
  • Irfan Mahmood,
  • Allah Ditta,
  • Anil Kumar Yadav,
  • Suresh Parekh

摘要

Abstract

There are so many ideas that potentially explain the dark energy phenomenon, current research is focusing on a more in-depth analysis of the potential effects of modified gravity on both local and cosmic scales. In this paper we investigate some cosmic reconstructions in \(f(Q)\) cosmology, where \(Q\) is the nonmetricity corresponding to the evolution background in the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) universe. This allows us to determine how any FLRW cosmology can emerge from a particular \(f(Q)\) theory. We employ the reconstruction technique to generate explicit formulations of the \(f(Q)\) Lagrangian for several types of matter sources like a perfect fluid, a dustlike fluid, stiff fluid and a binary mixture of two fluids. Furthermore, we compute the field equations and the equation of state (EoS) parameter \(\omega\) for two different reconstructed \(f(Q)\) models with variation of the involved constants, which gives a scenario of an accelerating universe, a quintessence region and the cosmological constant. We also observe that the time dependence of \(\omega\) admits cosmic acceleration. These new \(f(Q)\) gravity inspired models may have an impact on gravitational phenomena at other cosmological scales.