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Abstract <p>The maximum capabilities of the process of rectification separation of multicomponent mixtures depend on the features of the structure of the liquid–vapor equilibrium diagram, in particular on the presence of internal dividing surfaces in the diagram. In this paper, we investigate the patterns of formation of the structure of separatric surfaces of maximum dimension for systems of different chemical nature. For systems with the same deviations, when azeotropes relative to components of the same component are nodal points, an approach to determining the number of saddle-shaped azeotropes of the first and (<i>n</i> – 2)-th orders and, accordingly, the number of internal separatric manifolds, is developed. The proposed approach is illustrated and validated using model systems and industrial mixtures as examples. The expediency of using one of the types of separation (first, second, intermediate) depending on the number and structure of internal separator surfaces is shown. The research presented in the article is aimed at developing the fundamental theory of thermodynamics of heterogeneous systems in terms of studying the structures of phase diagrams and the mechanisms of their formation using thermodynamic–topological analysis within the framework of the general concept of the scientific school of Professor Leonid Antonovich Serafimov, Doctor of Technical Sciences.</p>

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Features of the Formation of Internal Separatric Varieties in Systems of Different Physical and Chemical Nature

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • A. V. Frolkova,
  • A. K. Frolkova,
  • A. N. Novruzova

摘要

Abstract

The maximum capabilities of the process of rectification separation of multicomponent mixtures depend on the features of the structure of the liquid–vapor equilibrium diagram, in particular on the presence of internal dividing surfaces in the diagram. In this paper, we investigate the patterns of formation of the structure of separatric surfaces of maximum dimension for systems of different chemical nature. For systems with the same deviations, when azeotropes relative to components of the same component are nodal points, an approach to determining the number of saddle-shaped azeotropes of the first and (n – 2)-th orders and, accordingly, the number of internal separatric manifolds, is developed. The proposed approach is illustrated and validated using model systems and industrial mixtures as examples. The expediency of using one of the types of separation (first, second, intermediate) depending on the number and structure of internal separator surfaces is shown. The research presented in the article is aimed at developing the fundamental theory of thermodynamics of heterogeneous systems in terms of studying the structures of phase diagrams and the mechanisms of their formation using thermodynamic–topological analysis within the framework of the general concept of the scientific school of Professor Leonid Antonovich Serafimov, Doctor of Technical Sciences.