Energy-Efficient Engineering of Technologies in the Field of Electrochemical Treatment of Oil-Containing Soils

The formation of complex and diverse oil-containing waste is one of the pressing environmental problems of the oil complex, as well as a consequence of the increasing volumes of transportation and use of oil and its refined products. Such waste also includes soil contaminated with oil and oil products, which often also contains solutions of mineral salts (as part of produced water), heavy metals, and other components. Recycling and mitigating waste of this kind is extremely difficult and expensive when it comes to removal and processing at specialized landfills. More economical is the physical-chemical treatment of the soil in field conditions, which includes electrochemical cleaning by passing low-amplitude currents through contaminated rock. Despite the fact that the method has a number of undeniable advantages, the most important of which are the ability to create electric fields in the soil at great depth and the compactness of the technical systems, there are a number of factors that complicate the process. The factors include, first of all, the heterogeneity of the soil structure and the distribution of polluting chemical components in the environment being cleaned and the dynamics of moisture content (due to the influx of moisture from atmospheric precipitation). The geochemical diversity and topography of the contaminated area also introduce complications. This work is devoted to the features of modeling of the process of physical and chemical cleaning of contaminated soils for the subsequent design of installations taking into account the above factors and determining the key parameters of their operation in order to achieve maximum energy efficiency and environmental friendliness.