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Abstract <p>The formation of micro- and nanostructures in titanium alloys subjected to combined processing, which includes exposure to heterogeneous plasma flows and subsequent surface modification by a low-energy high-current electron beam has been studied. The main mechanism of the formation of micro- and nanoscale structural-phase states under the action of plasma flows created by an electrical explosion of conductors is found to be a joint effect of the Kelvin–Helmholtz and Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities at the interface. The perturbation growth rate at an acceleration <i>g</i> = 5 × 10<sup>9</sup> m/s<sup>2</sup> of the second layer and a transverse velocity of 0 m/s is shown to be maximal at a wavelength λ<sub>m</sub> = 6.76 μm. If the second-layer velocity is <i>u</i><sub>0</sub> = 10 m/s, we have λ<sub>m</sub>&#xa0;= 6.23 μm; at <i>u</i><sub>0</sub> = 50 m/s, λ<sub>m</sub> = 1.24 μm. The mechanism of micro- and nanostructure formation during subsequent electron-beam treatment is a combined thermo-, evaporation, concentration-capillary, and thermoelectric instability. If the influence of the concentration gradient and thermoelectric and evaporation effects is not taken into account, the growth rate is shown to be maximal at a wavelength of 113 μm. When thermoelectric phenomena are taken into account, λ<sub>m</sub> decreases to 48 μm. At a thermoelectric coefficient γ =&#xa0;0.1 V/K, the growth rate is found to be maximal at λ<sub>m</sub> = 0.3 μm.</p>

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Combined Hydrodynamic Instabilities and Their Role in the Formation of Micro- and Nanostructures in Materials Subjected to Plasma Treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月1日

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  • S. A. Nevskii,
  • V. D. Sarychev,
  • V. E. Gromov

摘要

Abstract

The formation of micro- and nanostructures in titanium alloys subjected to combined processing, which includes exposure to heterogeneous plasma flows and subsequent surface modification by a low-energy high-current electron beam has been studied. The main mechanism of the formation of micro- and nanoscale structural-phase states under the action of plasma flows created by an electrical explosion of conductors is found to be a joint effect of the Kelvin–Helmholtz and Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities at the interface. The perturbation growth rate at an acceleration g = 5 × 109 m/s2 of the second layer and a transverse velocity of 0 m/s is shown to be maximal at a wavelength λm = 6.76 μm. If the second-layer velocity is u0 = 10 m/s, we have λm = 6.23 μm; at u0 = 50 m/s, λm = 1.24 μm. The mechanism of micro- and nanostructure formation during subsequent electron-beam treatment is a combined thermo-, evaporation, concentration-capillary, and thermoelectric instability. If the influence of the concentration gradient and thermoelectric and evaporation effects is not taken into account, the growth rate is shown to be maximal at a wavelength of 113 μm. When thermoelectric phenomena are taken into account, λm decreases to 48 μm. At a thermoelectric coefficient γ = 0.1 V/K, the growth rate is found to be maximal at λm = 0.3 μm.