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Abstract <p>The position in the skull, morphology, growth, and shape of otoliths (lapillus, sagitta, and asteriscus) are investigated in European bitterling <i>Rhodeus amarus</i> from two isolated ponds located in Central Russia. A rod-shaped sagitta is observed medially from the asteriscus at an angle of ~30° to the brain’s midline at the horizontal plane and ~23° to the basioccipital at the sagittal plane. The asteriscus differs from those in all known Otophysi in the fossa acustica and pseudoexcisura directed toward the ventral region of the otolith (vs.&#xa0;anterior region in other species). The slopes of the linear equations of the relationships between logarithmic transformed lapillus and asteriscus measurements and fork length of the fish are generally the same in both populations, but the intercepts are significantly different (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) representing allometric transposition of regression lines. Based on otolith shape indices, the difference between the females and males is mainly not significant, and the difference between the two populations is not significant for asterisci, but significant (<i>p</i>&#xa0;= 0.005) for lapilli. The elliptic Fourier analysis of otolith contours shows small sexual dimorphism (Wilks’ lambda, λ = 0.88–0.94), but substantial interpopulation difference (λ = 0.54–0.65).</p>

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Morphology, Growth, and Variation of Otoliths in European Bitterling Rhodeus amarus (Acheilognathidae)

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月10日

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  • D. A. Pavlov

摘要

Abstract

The position in the skull, morphology, growth, and shape of otoliths (lapillus, sagitta, and asteriscus) are investigated in European bitterling Rhodeus amarus from two isolated ponds located in Central Russia. A rod-shaped sagitta is observed medially from the asteriscus at an angle of ~30° to the brain’s midline at the horizontal plane and ~23° to the basioccipital at the sagittal plane. The asteriscus differs from those in all known Otophysi in the fossa acustica and pseudoexcisura directed toward the ventral region of the otolith (vs. anterior region in other species). The slopes of the linear equations of the relationships between logarithmic transformed lapillus and asteriscus measurements and fork length of the fish are generally the same in both populations, but the intercepts are significantly different (p < 0.0001) representing allometric transposition of regression lines. Based on otolith shape indices, the difference between the females and males is mainly not significant, and the difference between the two populations is not significant for asterisci, but significant (p = 0.005) for lapilli. The elliptic Fourier analysis of otolith contours shows small sexual dimorphism (Wilks’ lambda, λ = 0.88–0.94), but substantial interpopulation difference (λ = 0.54–0.65).