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Abstract <p>In this work, Ti–26Nb–9Zr–<i>x</i>Mn (<i>x</i> = 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8; in wt %) alloys of a new series are designed using theoretical parameters together with the extended Bo–Md diagram. The alloys were fabricated using cold crucible levitation melting. After fabrication, the designed alloys were prepared for XRD, microscopy, compressive mechanical, and nanoindentation analyses. The XRD results display peaks corresponding to α and β phases for alloys with 0 wt % Mn. However, the α peak has disappeared for the alloys with 2, 4, 6, and 8 wt % Mn, which displays the strong β phase stability. The microscopy displays in several cases some acicular α structure along with the presence of β grain boundaries for alloys with 0 wt % Mn, whereas the other compositions exhibit β grain boundaries along with complex intragranular structures. In compression test, the alloys with 0 and 8 wt % Mn fail and exhibit comparatively low plasticity. In contrast, the alloys with 2, 4, and 6 wt % Mn exhibit a superior plasticity. Notably, the alloy containing 6 wt % Mn content displays the 1080&#xa0;MPa yield strength along with excellent plasticity of 37%. Whereas the alloy containing 0 wt % Mn content shows the lowest elastic modulus of 43.6 GPa. Notably, Ti8Mn demonstrates the highest nano hardness of 5.9 GPa. Further, the alloy containing 4 wt % Mn content exhibits the superior wear resistance index (<i>H</i>/<i>E</i><sub>r</sub>) of 0.0467.</p>

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Nanoindentation and Compressive Mechanical Investigations of As-Cast Ti–Nb–Zr–Mn Alloys Designed for Orthopedic Implants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月1日

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  • Syed Faraz Jawed,
  • Eraj Humayun Mirza,
  • Muhammad Rizwan

摘要

Abstract

In this work, Ti–26Nb–9Zr–xMn (x = 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8; in wt %) alloys of a new series are designed using theoretical parameters together with the extended Bo–Md diagram. The alloys were fabricated using cold crucible levitation melting. After fabrication, the designed alloys were prepared for XRD, microscopy, compressive mechanical, and nanoindentation analyses. The XRD results display peaks corresponding to α and β phases for alloys with 0 wt % Mn. However, the α peak has disappeared for the alloys with 2, 4, 6, and 8 wt % Mn, which displays the strong β phase stability. The microscopy displays in several cases some acicular α structure along with the presence of β grain boundaries for alloys with 0 wt % Mn, whereas the other compositions exhibit β grain boundaries along with complex intragranular structures. In compression test, the alloys with 0 and 8 wt % Mn fail and exhibit comparatively low plasticity. In contrast, the alloys with 2, 4, and 6 wt % Mn exhibit a superior plasticity. Notably, the alloy containing 6 wt % Mn content displays the 1080 MPa yield strength along with excellent plasticity of 37%. Whereas the alloy containing 0 wt % Mn content shows the lowest elastic modulus of 43.6 GPa. Notably, Ti8Mn demonstrates the highest nano hardness of 5.9 GPa. Further, the alloy containing 4 wt % Mn content exhibits the superior wear resistance index (H/Er) of 0.0467.