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Abstract <p>Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides by reducing the corresponding ribonucleotides. Plasmid pKOS1-1-3 from multidrug-resistant <i>Citrobacter portucalensis</i> strain KOS1-1 contained the <i>nrdAB</i> genes for class Ia RNR. The <i>C. portucalensis</i> chromosome encodes a phylogenetically distant class 1a RNR. Plasmid pKOS1-1-3 contained both genes responsible for its replication and maintenance, as well as the genes for bacteriophage structural proteins, suggesting that it could be a phage-plasmid hybrid. Probably, pKOS1-1-3 uses its RNRs to increase the nucleotides pool, allowing for more active replication during lytic infection. Meta-analysis revealed 5568 RNR genes on 2903 plasmids in various bacterial lineages, and 1082 of these were predicted to be phage-plasmids. We propose that plasmid RNR genes are of phage origin and could be functionally important for phage-plasmids.</p>

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Plasmid-Encoded Ribonucleotide Reductases: Unveiling the Hidden Diversity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • Sh. Begmatov,
  • A. V. Beletsky,
  • A. V. Mardanov,
  • N. V. Ravin

摘要

Abstract

Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides by reducing the corresponding ribonucleotides. Plasmid pKOS1-1-3 from multidrug-resistant Citrobacter portucalensis strain KOS1-1 contained the nrdAB genes for class Ia RNR. The C. portucalensis chromosome encodes a phylogenetically distant class 1a RNR. Plasmid pKOS1-1-3 contained both genes responsible for its replication and maintenance, as well as the genes for bacteriophage structural proteins, suggesting that it could be a phage-plasmid hybrid. Probably, pKOS1-1-3 uses its RNRs to increase the nucleotides pool, allowing for more active replication during lytic infection. Meta-analysis revealed 5568 RNR genes on 2903 plasmids in various bacterial lineages, and 1082 of these were predicted to be phage-plasmids. We propose that plasmid RNR genes are of phage origin and could be functionally important for phage-plasmids.