Abstract <p>Currently, the beam vibration equations established based on the nonlocal elasticity theory of Euler-Bernoulli beams not only do not take into account the effect of rotational inertia, but also ignore the length interactions between the atomic lattices, so they cannot reflect the real mechanical properties of the beams. Therefore, the main goal of this manuscript is to propose a novel computational method to accurately reveal the true mechanical behavior of beams with global coupling. Firstly, the method has successfully constructed a physical model of nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli beam vibration under the effect of rotational inertia on viscoelastic Pasternak foundations by considering the global coupling mechanism through the length interaction between atomic lattices, and a degradation validation method for the modeling process is given. Secondly, the physical model is converted from a time-domain problem to a frequency-domain problem by using the Fourier transform, and Hasselman’s complex modal synthesis method is introduced to successfully give the transfer function of the spatial state of the nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli beam vibration model under the effect of rotational inertia on a viscoelastic Pasternak foundation, as well as the analytical solution and the degradation validation method of the model. degenerate verification. Finally, the mechanism of global coupling is revealed intrinsically through the material point of the beam, and the effects of the nonlocal factor, foundation shear coefficient, foundation stiffness coefficient, and damping coefficient on the vibration frequency and amplitude of the nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli beam vibration under the action of rotational inertia on a viscoelastic Pasternak foundation are analyzed. The theoretical and technical gaps of non-local Euler-Bernoulli beam vibration under the action of rotational inertia on viscoelastic Pasternak foundations are bridged. The research results not only provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for adjusting the parameters of nanobeams to enhance their stability and performance. Moreover, it can play a more important role in guiding the application of nanobeams in the fields of biosensors, cell-material surface interaction studies, and disease diagnosis and treatment.</p>