The Role of Dopamine Receptor Dimer Complexes in the Pathogenesis of Depression

In this review, we address the oligomerization of G protein-coupledreceptors (GPCRs), which significantly expands the functional capabilitiesof cells in living organisms by modulating intracellular signalingpathways. This provides a variety of physiological effects in bothnormal and pathological states. The structure and intracerebrallocalization of one of the most studied heterodimers, the D1-D2 receptorcomplex, and its signaling cascades, which correlate with the developmentof depressive disorders, are considered. Sex differences in thefunctioning of this heterodimer are analyzed, and the issue of theselectivity of bivalent synthetic ligands in triggering specificintracellular pathways is discussed, highlighting their potentialas therapeutic targets for the targeted treatment of depressive disorders.The concluding part of the review is dedicated to the diversityof dopamine receptor heterodimers with other members of the GPCRfamily and their role in the pathophysiology of depression.